FCE (Cambridge First Certificate in English)
	This examination was originally the first-level examination in the Cambridge suite of English-language proficiency exams, but is roughly equivalent to a GCE ‘O’-level. As well as the four skills for IELTS, FCE also tests the Use of English (grammar-based questions). The main difference between IELTS and FCE is that, whereas an IELTS certificate is valid for only two years, an FCE certificate is valid for life.
	KET and PET (Cambridge Key English Test and Preliminary English Test)
	These examinations were developed by the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES) in response to students’ and teachers’ requests for examinations at a lower level than the FCE. The KET covers quite elementary proficiency in all four skills, while the PET tests lower intermediate proficiency. Both exams are suitable for teenagers, or for adults of any age.
	TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language)
	This North American language-proficiency examination concentrates on memory-intensive Listening, and other passive skills, such as Reading Comprehension, for which a sound understanding of Grammatical Structures in standard American English is required. In TOEFL classes, students will practice listening at different levels of intensity, as well as brushing up on basic grammatical concepts and reading specially selected passages.
	SAT-1: Verbal
	The SAT-1 used to be known as the Scholastic Aptitude Test, but the test developers have decided that the name does not mean that any longer. The aim is to predict how well students will cope with the first year of studies at an American college or university, and was originally designed for native speakers (i.e. students whose first language is English). It depends heavily on a broad vocabulary, including some rather esoteric terms, and tests such skills as Sentence Completion, Analogy Identification, and Critical Reading (which is slightly different from Reading Comprehension). The test also covers Mathematics, but this is not covered in this course.
	SAT-2: Writing
	The companion to SAT-1, SAT-2 consists of several specialist-subject exams, of which one is Writing. In this test, students must write an essay in 20 minutes, then answer 60 multiple-choice questions in the remaining 40 minutes. The tasks are Identifying Sentence Errors, Improving Sentences and Improving Paragraphs. As with the SAT-1, the SAT-2 was designed for native speakers, and is therefore heavily dependent on an extensive vocabulary.